Cloud computing is a modern technology that enables delivering computing services—such as servers, storage, databases, networking, software, and analytics—over the Internet.
Instead of owning and maintaining physical hardware, users can access these resources on demand, enabling greater flexibility, scalability, and cost-efficiency.
Cloud providers manage the infrastructure, so users focus on consuming resources according to their needs, often paying only for what they use.
This shift to cloud computing allows organizations to innovate faster, scale operations efficiently, and reduce operating costs while improving access to data and applications from any device with internet connectivity.
Characteristics of Cloud Computing
Cloud computing systems share specific core characteristics that define their functionality and benefits:.png)
Cloud Service Models
Cloud computing offers three primary service models, each serving different IT needs.
| Service Model | Description | Examples |
| Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) | Provides virtualized computing resources over the internet. Users manage OS, applications, and data while providers handle hardware. | Amazon EC2, Microsoft Azure VMs |
| Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) | Delivers hardware and software tools over the internet. Users develop and manage applications without dealing with infrastructure. | AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Google App Engine |
| Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) | Offers software applications hosted by providers accessible through web browsers without installation. | Gmail, Microsoft 365, Salesforce |
Cloud Deployment Models
Deploying cloud services can follow different models depending on business needs and control requirements:
1. Public Cloud: Resources owned and operated by third-party providers are delivered over the public internet. Cost-effective and scalable, but shared among multiple organizations.
2. Private Cloud: Exclusive cloud environment operated solely for a single organization, providing enhanced security and control but with higher costs.
3. Hybrid Cloud: Combines public and private clouds, allowing data and applications to be shared between them for flexibility, optimization, and balanced control.
